Bridges with Linux - Revision history

Al: 8 revisions: Importing all articles from english wiki

2015-07-22T22:58:10Z

8 revisions: Importing all articles from english wiki

Lib2know: /* language links */

2014-04-12T11:56:44Z

‎language links

Lib2know: /* Resources */

2014-03-29T18:17:55Z

‎Resources

Lib2know at 18:15, 29 March 2014

2014-03-29T18:15:57Z

Lib2know: /* first translation is finished */

2014-03-29T18:05:13Z

‎first translation is finished

Lib2know at 16:57, 29 March 2014

2014-03-29T16:57:56Z

Lib2know: /* - Translation until here - */

2014-03-29T16:56:38Z

‎- Translation until here -

Lib2know: /* The bridge control command 'brctl' */

2014-03-29T16:12:25Z

‎The bridge control command 'brctl'

Lib2know: /* Begin of translation ... */

2014-03-28T02:57:12Z

‎Begin of translation ...

New page

=Bridge Utilities in Linux=

==The bridge-utils package==

'''Installation''':

$ sudo apt-get install bridge-utils

'''Commands''':

$ dpkg -L bridge-utils | grep bin
/usr/sbin
'''/usr/sbin/brctl'''

'''Configuration files''':

$ dpkg -L bridge-utils | grep etc
/etc
/etc/network
/etc/network/if-pre-up.d
/etc/network/if-pre-up.d/bridge
/etc/network/if-post-down.d
/etc/network/if-post-down.d/bridge

'''Resources''':

*[http://linux.die.net/man/8/brctl brctl]

===The bridge control commaand 'brctl'===

'''Show the bridges''':

$ brctl show
bridge name bridge id STP enabled interfaces
br0 8000.001601a1a9b7 no eth0
wlan0
br1 8000.000000000000 no

'''Create a new bridge''':

$ brctl addbr br1

'''Add/delete interfaces a un bridge''':

$ brctl delif

$ brctl addif

===Creation of a bridge===

We install the package [[Bridges_with_Linux#The_bridge-utils_package | bridge-utils]] and the file '''/etc/network/interfaces'''.
Then we create an interface as a bridge from eth0:

$ cat /etc/network/interfaces

auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

auto br0
iface br0 inet static
address 192.168.1.2
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 192.168.1.1
'''bridge_ports eth0'''

auto eth0
'''iface eth0 inet manual'''

We can use DHCP, as well:

$ cat /etc/network/interfaces

auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

auto br0
iface br0 inet dhcp
'''bridge_ports eth0'''

auto eth0
'''iface eth0 inet manual'''

'''NOTE''': Note how the interface eth0 is manually configured and the line '''bridge_ports eth0'''.

We go on with the restart of the network:

$ sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart

= - Translation until here - =

A partir d'ara la interfície eth0, tal i com podem observar a l'executar '''ifconfig''':

$ ifconfig
br0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:30:1B:B7:CD:B6
inet addr:192.168.1.2 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::230:1bff:feb7:cdb6/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:28932 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:28277 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:24356075 (23.2 MB) TX bytes:17213164 (16.4 MB)

eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:30:1B:B7:CD:B6
inet6 addr: fe80::230:1bff:feb7:cdb6/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:20788 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:14681 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:23664360 (22.5 MB) TX bytes:1995733 (1.9 MB)
Interrupt:20

És una interfície no configurada ('''TONTA''' o Dummy). Això és normal, comproveu com la xarxa funciona igualment

==Paquet uml-utilities==

Instal·lació de User Mode Linux utilities package (uml-utilities):

$ sudo apt-get install uml-utilities

Conté eines per crear interfícies TAP.

Afegir permissos a l'usuari per accedir a la interfície:

$ sudo gpasswd -a <user> uml-net

Per exemple

$ sudo gpasswd -a sergi uml-net

Cal tornar a iniciar per aplicar els permissos

Per afegir la interfície TAP editem el fitxer '''/etc/network/interfaces''' i afegim:

auto tap0
iface tap0 inet manual
up ifconfig $IFACE 0.0.0.0 up
down ifconfig $IFACE down
tunctl_user <user>

On a user posem el nostre usuari. Per exemple:

auto tap0
iface tap0 inet manual
up ifconfig $IFACE 0.0.0.0 up
down ifconfig $IFACE down
tunctl_user sergi
bridge_ports eth0 tap0

Tornar a iniciar la xarxa:

$ sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart

=tunctl=

Ara creem un bridge:

$ sudo tunctl -t tap1 -u sergi
$ sudo chmod 666 /dev/net/tun

I:

$ sudo brctl addbr br0

$ sudo ifconfig eth0 0.0.0.0 promisc
$ sudo brctl addif br0 eth0
$ dhclient br0

$ sudo brctl addif br0 tap1

'''Recursos''':
*https://help.ubuntu.com/community/VirtualBox#head-ac88c03223e773c78dbb46b4b13c109de1143a03

=Recursos=

*[http://gentoo-wiki.com/HOWTO_setup_a_gentoo_bridge HOWTO_setup_a_gentoo_bridge]

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:56, 12 April 2014
Line 173:		Line 173:
	*[https://help.ubuntu.com/community/VirtualBox#head-ac88c03223e773c78dbb46b4b13c109de1143a03 Ubuntu VirtualBox]		*[https://help.ubuntu.com/community/VirtualBox#head-ac88c03223e773c78dbb46b4b13c109de1143a03 Ubuntu VirtualBox]
	*[http://gentoo-wiki.com/HOWTO_setup_a_gentoo_bridge HOWTO_setup_a_gentoo_bridge]		*[http://gentoo-wiki.com/HOWTO_setup_a_gentoo_bridge HOWTO_setup_a_gentoo_bridge]
		+
		+	[[ca:Bridges amb Linux]]

@@ Line 171: / Line 171: @@
 =Resources=
-*https://help.ubuntu.com/community/VirtualBox#head-ac88c03223e773c78dbb46b4b13c109de1143a03
+*[https://help.ubuntu.com/community/VirtualBox#head-ac88c03223e773c78dbb46b4b13c109de1143a03 Ubuntu VirtualBox]
 *[http://gentoo-wiki.com/HOWTO_setup_a_gentoo_bridge HOWTO_setup_a_gentoo_bridge]

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:57, 29 March 2014
Line 84:		Line 84:


−	We ~~go on with the restart of~~ the network:	+	We return to initialize the network:

	$ sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart		$ sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart

← Older revision	Revision as of 22:58, 22 July 2015
(No difference)

@@ Line 84: / Line 84: @@
-We return to initialize the network:
+We restart to initialize the network:
   $ sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart
@@ Line 111: / Line 111: @@
-This is a non configured interface (Dummy). Això és normal, comproveu com la xarxa funciona igualment
+It is a non configured interface (Dummy). This is normal, check the network if it still works.
+==The package uml-utilities==
-−
-This is normal, check how the network works similarly
-= - Translation until here - =
-==Paquet uml-utilities==
+Installation of User Mode Linux utilities package (uml-utilities):
-−
-Instal·lació de User Mode Linux utilities package (uml-utilities):
   $ sudo apt-get install uml-utilities
-Conté eines per crear interfícies TAP.
+The User Mode Linux package contains tools to create [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_tap TAP] interfaces.
+Add permissions to access the user interface:
-Afegir permissos a l'usuari per accedir a la interfície:
   $ sudo gpasswd -a <user> uml-net
-Per exemple
+For example:
   $ sudo gpasswd -a sergi uml-net
-Per afegir la interfície TAP editem el fitxer '''/etc/network/interfaces''' i afegim:
+We need to restart to apply the permissions.
   auto tap0
@@ Line 144: / Line 138: @@
        tunctl_user <user>
-On a user posem el nostre usuari. Per exemple:
+We replace the placeholer ''<user>'' with out username. For example:
   auto tap0
@@ Line 153: / Line 147: @@
        bridge_ports eth0 tap0
-Tornar a iniciar la xarxa:
+Restart to initialize the network:
   $ sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart
-=tunctl=
+=The command tunctl=
-Ara creem un bridge:
+Now we create a bridge:
   $ sudo tunctl -t tap1 -u sergi
   $ sudo chmod 666 /dev/net/tun
-I:
+And:
   $ sudo brctl addbr br0
@@ Line 178: / Line 172: @@
 *https://help.ubuntu.com/community/VirtualBox#head-ac88c03223e773c78dbb46b4b13c109de1143a03
-=Recursos=
+=Resources=
 *[http://gentoo-wiki.com/HOWTO_setup_a_gentoo_bridge HOWTO_setup_a_gentoo_bridge]

@@ Line 88: / Line 88: @@
   $ sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart
-= - Translation until here - =
+From now on the eth0 interface can be observed by executing '''ifconfig''':
-−
-A partir d'ara la interfície eth0, tal i com podem observar a l'executar '''ifconfig''':
   $ ifconfig
@@ Line 111: / Line 109: @@
             Interrupt:20
-És una interfície no configurada ('''TONTA''' o Dummy). Això és normal, comproveu com la xarxa funciona igualment
 ==Paquet uml-utilities==

@@ Line 27: / Line 27: @@
 *[http://linux.die.net/man/8/brctl brctl]
-===The bridge control commaand 'brctl'===
+===The bridge control command 'brctl'===
 '''Show the bridges''':
@@ Line 46: / Line 46: @@
   $ brctl addif
 ===Creation of a bridge===